What is the introductory challenge in learning Chinese?

It depends on what your native language is. People who speak Indo-European languages find the vocabulary alien and especially people from structured languages like German and Russian, find the free form disconcerting. There are no tenses, no conjunctions, no plurals, and so forth. You have to learn quite a different way of expressing yourself.

Take the classic old phrase, the pen of my aunt is on the table. Well, 筆 could be a pen or a brush. But aunt, who is she? On your mother’s side or your father’s? Is she a blood relative? Older or younger than your parent? There are a bunch of different words for aunt. Table, 卓子, could be a table or a desk. Okay, let’s say your mother’s sister. 我阿姨的筆在桌上: I (mother’s sister) aunt of pen on table top. How about past tense? future tense? No. You can express the past or the future, but it’s not necessary. Also, in the Chinese, that could be one pen or a pile of them.

Then you get the quantifiers. You don’t say one pen, two books, three dogs, four cars, it’s one stick pen, two root book, three bird dog (or three head dog), four platform vehicle, and so forth.

Oh, and the tones. Shu first tone means (among other things) book, or lose, for that matter; second tone, familiar, or father’s younger brother; third tone, rat, belong, count, and so forth; fourth tone, number, tree, skill, and so forth. It’s probably the world’s best language for puns.

So try to put aside your expectations, and just see where the language takes you. It’s worth it! Especially since you get to learn how to write characters.

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