Can Chinese speakers distinguish between tones? What is the right tone in a word?

Yes, I think so. I mean, there are Chinese characters or expressions sharing same spellings in alphabet letters, but their tones are different. Let’s use two examples to illustrate this point. 围棋 is more known in the English language as Go, a board game invented in ancient China. And it’s pronounced in Pinyin as wéi qí. 尾气 usually refers to waste gas emitted from tailpipes of vehicles. And it’s pronounced in Pinyin as wěi qì.

As you see, 围棋 and 尾气 share the same spelling wei qi, but their tones are different. So, in Standard Mandarin and in Pinyin, when you want to mention a board game Go, you need to pronounce it as wéi qí. And in Standard Mandarin and in Pinyin, when you want to mention waste gas emitted from tailpipes of vehicles, you need to pronounce it as wěi qì.

Since there is a standard way of pronouncing Chinese characters in Standard Mandarin, you could search and find the right way to pronounce them in dictionaries. Here is a picture showing a Dictionary of Modern Chinese, or 现代汉语词典 in Chinese, published by the Commercial Press, or 商务印书馆 in Chinese. Dictionary of Modern Chinese is an authoritative dictionary of the Chinese language.

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